I-capacitor iyingxenye ye-elekthronikhi esetshenziselwa ukugcina amandla kagesi. Siqukethe amapuleti amabili aphaseji ahlukaniswe yinto efakwayo ebizwa ngokuthi yi- ** dielectric **. Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa kulo lonke i-capacitor, insimu kagesi yenziwa phakathi kwamapuleti, ivumela i-capacitor ukugcina amandla.
I-capacitor isebenza kanjani
1. Ukushaja:
Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa ngaphesheya kwama-caracitor's terminals, ishaja inqola amapuleti. Ipuleti elilodwa liqoqa imali ekhokhwayo, kanti enye iqoqa icala elibi. Izinto ezibonakalayo eziphakathi kwamapuleti zivimba icala ukuthi ligeleze ngqo, ligcina amandla enkambu kagesi edaliwe. Ukushaja kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho i-vapacitor kuyo yonke i-capacitor ilingana ne-voltage esetshenzisiwe.
2. Ukukhishwa:
Lapho i-capacitor ixhunyiwe kumjikelezo, icala eligcinwe ligeleza libuyele emuva ngokujikeleza, ukudala okwamanje. Lokhu kukhipha amandla agcinwe kumthwalo wesekethe kuze kube yilapho icala liphethwe.
Izici ezibalulekile zama-capacitors
- I-Capacitance:
Amandla we-capacitor ukugcina icala libizwa ngokuthi amandla, alinganiswe eFaraDs (F). I-capcacitance enkulu ishoukomathaingagcina imali ethe xaxa. I-capacitance ithonywa yindawo engaphezulu kwamapuleti, ibanga phakathi kwabo, kanye nezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-dielectric.
- Isitoreji Samandla:
Ama-capacitor asebenza njengamadivayisi wesitoreji esikhashana amandla kagesi, afanayo namabhethri kepha aklanywe ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana. Baphatha izinguquko ezisheshayo kumandla kagesi futhi babushelelezi ukuguquguquka, okufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kwabajikelezo okuzinzile.
- Ukuvuza kwechungechunge lokuvuza kwakhona nokulinganayo (ESR):
Ama-capacitors athola ukuncipha kwamandla ngesikhathi sokukhokhisa kanye nemijikelezo yokukhipha. Ukuvuza kwamanje kubhekiswa ekulahlekelweni kancane kwecala lokukhokhisa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-dielectric ngisho ngaphandle komthwalo. I-ESR yokumelana kwangaphakathi okubangelwa izinto ngaphakathi kwe-capacitor, okuthinta ukusebenza kwayo.
Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwama-capacitors
- Ukuhlunga:
Ku-Power Supplies, ama-capacitors asebenza njengokuhlunga ukushelela ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi futhi aqede umsindo ongafuneki, uqinisekise umphumela ozinzile we-voltage.
- Ukuhlangana nokuzithoba:
Ekudluliseleni kwesiginali, ama-capacitors asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasiginali e-AC ngenkathi evimbaIzakhi ze-DC, ukuvimbela amashifu we-DC ekuthinteni ukusebenza kwesekethe.
- Isitoreji Samandla:
Ama-capacitor agcina futhi akhiphe amandla ngokushesha, abenza balusizo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengezikhalazo zekhamera, amathuluzi wamandla, namanye amadivaysi adinga ukuqhuma okufushane kwamanje.
Ukubeka kafushane
Ama-capacitors adlala indima ebalulekile emibuthanweni ye-elekthronikhi ngokugcina nokukhulula amandla kagesi. Basiza ukulawula i-voltage, gcina amandla, futhi balawule amasiginali. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele kanye nokucaciswa kwe-capacitor kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kanye nokwethenjwa kwemibuthano kagesi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-11-2024