I-capacitor iyingxenye ye-elekthronikhi esetshenziselwa ukugcina amandla kagesi. Iqukethe amapuleti amabili e-conductive ahlukaniswe yi-insulating material ebizwa ngokuthi **dielectric**. Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa ngaphesheya kwe-capacitor, inkambu kagesi idalwe phakathi kwamapuleti, okuvumela i-capacitor ukuthi igcine amandla.
Indlela I-Capacitor Esebenza Ngayo
1. Ukushaja:
Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa kuwo wonke amatheminali e-capacitor, ukushaja kunqwabelana kumapuleti. Ipuleti elilodwa liqoqa ukushajwa okuphozithivu, kuyilapho elinye liqoqa ukushajwa okunegethivu. Izinto ze-dielectric phakathi kwamapuleti zivimbela ukushaja ekugelezeni ngokuqondile, ukugcina amandla endaweni kagesi eyakhiwe. Ukushaja kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho i-voltage ku-capacitor ilingana ne-voltage esetshenzisiwe.
2. Ukukhipha:
Lapho i-capacitor ixhunywe kumjikelezo, ukushaja okugciniwe kugeleza emuva kumjikelezo, kudala i-current. Lokhu kukhipha amandla agciniwe kumthwalo wesekethe kuze kube yilapho ukushajwa kuphelile.
Izimpawu Ezisemqoka zama-Capacitor
- Amandla:
Ikhono le-capacitor ukugcina ukushaja libizwa nge-capacitance, likalwa ngama-farads (F). I-capacitance enkulu isho ukuthii-capacitoringagcina ukushaja okwengeziwe. I-capacitance ithonywa indawo engaphezulu yamapuleti, ibanga phakathi kwabo, kanye nezakhiwo ze-dielectric material.
- Isitoreji Samandla:
Ama-Capacitor asebenza njengemishini yokugcina yesikhashana yamandla kagesi, afana namabhethri kodwa aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane. Baphatha izinguquko ezisheshayo ku-voltage kanye nokuguquguquka okushelelayo, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni kwesekethe okuzinzile.
- I-Leakage Current and Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR):
Ama-Capacitor abhekana nokulahlekelwa kwamandla athile phakathi nemijikelezo yokushaja nokukhipha. Ukuvuza kwamanje kubhekisela ekulahlekeni kancane kwenkokhelo ngempahla ye-dielectric ngisho nangaphandle komthwalo. I-ESR ukumelana kwangaphakathi okubangelwa izinto ezingaphakathi kwe-capacitor, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kwayo.
Izicelo Ezisebenzayo zama-Capacitors
- Ukuhlunga:
Ezimpahleni zamandla, ama-capacitor asebenza njengezihlungi zokushelela ukuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi futhi asuse umsindo ongafuneki, aqinisekise ukuphuma kwamandla kagesi okuzinzile.
- Ukuhlanganisa kanye nokwehlukanisa:
Ekudluliselweni kwesignali, ama-capacitor asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amasignali e-AC ngenkathi kuvimbelaIzingxenye ze-DC, ukuvimbela amashifu e-DC ukuthi angathinti ukusebenza kwesifunda.
- Isitoreji Samandla:
Ama-Capacitor agcina futhi akhulule amandla ngokushesha, awenze abe usizo ezinhlelweni ezinjengokukhanya kwekhamera, amathuluzi kagesi, nezinye izisetshenziswa ezidinga ukuqhuma okufushane kwamandla aphezulu.
Isifinyezo
Ama-Capacitor adlala indima ebalulekile kumasekhethi kagesi ngokugcina nokukhulula amandla kagesi. Basiza ukulawula amandla kagesi, ukugcina amandla, nokuphatha amasignali. Ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile kanye nokucaciswa kwe-capacitor kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwamasekethe kagesi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2024