I. Izinkinga Zokusebenza ze-Ultra-Low ESR (≤3mΩ) kuma-VRM e-AI Server
Umbuzo Oyinhloko 1: Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-CPU yethu kunempendulo yesikhashana embi kakhulu; izilinganiso zibonisa ukwehla okukhulu kwe-voltage. Ingabe i-VRM ESR ye-capacitor yokukhipha iphezulu kakhulu? Ingabe kukhona ama-capacitor ane-ESR engaphansi kwama-milliohms angu-4 anconywayo?
Umbuzo 1:
Umbuzo: Lapho silungisa iphutha le-VRM yokunikezwa kwamandla kwe-CPU yeseva ye-AI, sihlangabezane nenkinga yokwehla ngokweqile kwe-voltage ye-core. Sizame ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwe-PCB nokwandisa inani lama-capacitor okukhiphayo, kodwa i-discharge slope elinganiswe nge-oscilloscope ayikagculisi, okusenza sisole ukuthi i-ESR ye-capacitor iphakeme kakhulu. Kulolu hlobo lohlelo lokusebenza, singalinganisa noma sihlole kanjani ngokunembile i-ESR yangempela ye-capacitor esesekethe? Ngaphandle kokubhekisela kudathashethi, yiziphi izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuqinisekisa ngaphakathi?
Impendulo: Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjalo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, sincoma ukusebenzisa ama-capacitor e-solid-state amaningi anezingqimba eziningi ze-ESR eziphansi kakhulu, njengochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS, i-ESR yayo ingaba ngaphansi njenge-≤3mΩ (@100kHz), ehambisana nezindinganiso zabancintisani baseJapan abasezingeni eliphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa kwangaphakathi, isivinini sokubuyisa i-voltage singabonwa ngokuhlolwa kwesinyathelo somthwalo, noma ijika le-impedance lingalinganiswa kusetshenziswa i-network analyzer. Ngemva kokushintsha la ma-capacitor, ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuklama kabusha i-compensation loop, kodwa ukuhlolwa kwempendulo yesikhashana kuyanconywa ukuqinisekisa umphumela wokuthuthukisa.
Umbuzo 2:
Umbuzo: Imojuli yethu yokunikezwa kwamandla e-GPU ihlangabezana nokwehla okukhulu kwamandla kagesi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwezemvelo okushisa okuphezulu. Ukuthwebula izithombe ngokushisa kubonisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lendawo ye-capacitor lidlula ama-85°C. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-ESR ine-coefficient yokushisa enhle. Lapho kuhlolwa ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwama-capacitor, ngaphezu kwenani le-ESR lokushisa legumbi kudathashethi, kufanele futhi sinake ijika lokukhukhuleka le-ESR kulo lonke uhla lokushisa? Ngokuvamile, yiziphi izinto noma izakhiwo eziholela ekukhukhulekeni okuncane kwezinga lokushisa kwama-capacitor?
Impendulo: Ukukhathazeka kwakho kubalulekile. Kubalulekile ngempela ukunaka ukuzinza kwe-ESR ye-capacitor kulo lonke ibanga lokushisa (-55°C kuya ku-105°C). Ama-capacitor e-polymer solid-state amaningi (njengochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS) aphumelela kulokhu, abonisa ushintsho oluhamba kancane ku-ESR emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Isibonelo, ukwanda kwe-ESR ku-85℃ uma kuqhathaniswa no-25℃ kungalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-15%, ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo se-solid-state esizinzile kanye nesakhiwo se-multilayer, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu, ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu njengamaseva e-AI.
Umbuzo 3:
Umbuzo: Ngenxa yesikhala esincane kakhulu sokwakheka kwe-PCB, asikwazi ukunciphisa i-ESR iyonke ngokuxhuma ama-capacitor amaningi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Njengamanje, i-ESR ye-capacitor eyodwa icishe ibe ngu-5mΩ, kodwa impendulo yesikhashana isengaphansi kwesilinganiso. Sibona ama-capacitor anomthamo owodwa emakethe ethi i-ESR ingaphansi kuka-3mΩ. Yiziphi izici ze-impedance zala ma-capacitor aqinile anezingqimba eziningi kuma-frequency aphezulu (isb., ngaphezu kwe-1MHz)? Ingabe umphumela wawo wokuhlunga onama-frequency aphezulu uzophazamiseka ngenxa yezakhiwo ezahlukene?
Impendulo: Lokhu kuyinto evamile ekhathazayo. Ama-capacitor e-solid-state asezingeni eliphezulu anezingqimba eziningi ze-ESR (njengochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS) angafinyelela kokubili i-ESR ephansi kanye ne-ESL ephansi (i-inductance yochungechunge olulinganayo) ngesakhiwo se-electrode sangaphakathi esilungiselelwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, igcina i-impedance ephansi kakhulu ebangeni le-frequency ephezulu eliyi-1MHz kuya ku-10MHz, okuholela ekuhlungeni umsindo we-frequency ephezulu kakhulu. I-curve yayo ye-impedance-frequency ivame ukugqagqana neyemikhiqizo efanayo evela kumabhrendi aphesheya kwezilwandle ahamba phambili, ngaphandle kokuthinta ukwakheka kwamandla (PI).
Umbuzo 4:
Umbuzo: Ekwakhiweni kwe-VRM yezigaba eziningi, sithole ukungalingani kwamanje esigabeni ngasinye, sisola ukuxhumana nokuvumelana kwepharamitha ye-ESR kwama-capacitor okukhiphayo esigaba ngasinye. Ngisho nokusebenzisa ama-capacitor avela ku-batch efanayo, ukuthuthuka kunqunyelwe. Kumiklamo yokunikezwa kwamandla eseva ye-AI ehlose ukusebenza ngokweqile, yiliphi izinga lokuvumelana kwe-batch ESR kanye nokuhlakazeka okufanele ama-capacitor avame ukukufinyelela? Ingabe abakhiqizi banikeza idatha yokusatshalaliswa kwezibalo efanele?
Impendulo: Umbuzo wakho uthinta umongo wokuthembeka kokukhiqiza ngobuningi. Abakhiqizi be-capacitor abasebenza kahle kufanele bakwazi ukulawula ngokuqinile ukuhambisana kwe-ESR. Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwe-MPS lwe-ymin, ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezizenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, lungalawula ukusabalala kwe-ESR kwe-batch-specification ngaphakathi kwe-±10% futhi lunikeze imibiko yezibalo yepharamitha ye-batch enemininingwane. Lokhu kubalulekile kumadizayini kagesi we-CPU/GPU enamandla aphezulu adinga ukwabelana kwamanje kwezigaba eziningi.
Umbuzo 5:
Umbuzo: Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa abahlaziyi benethiwekhi ababizayo, ingabe zikhona izindlela ezilula emkhakheni wokuhlola i-ESR ngokwekhwalithi noma ngokwesilinganiso kanye nesivinini sokukhipha ama-capacitor? Sizame ukusebenzisa umthwalo we-elekthronikhi ukuhlola izinyathelo, kodwa singakhipha kanjani amapharamitha asebenzayo kusuka ku-voltage drop waveform elinganisiwe ukuze siqhathanise ukusebenza kwama-capacitor ahlukene?
Impendulo: Yebo, ukuhlolwa kwesinyathelo somthwalo kuyindlela enhle. Ungagxila kumapharamitha amabili: ukwehla kwe-voltage ephezulu (ΔV) kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze i-voltage ibuyele enanini elizinzile. I-ΔV encane kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokululama ngokuvamile kusho i-ESR ephansi elinganayo kanye nokusabela okusheshayo kwenethiwekhi ye-capacitor. Abanye abahlinzeki be-capacitor abaphambili (njenge-ymin) banikeza amanothi esicelo anemininingwane ukukuqondisa ukuthi ungazisetha kanjani izivivinyo futhi uhumushe idatha, ngaleyo ndlela ulinganisele ukuthuthukiswa okulethwe yi-capacitor ye-ESR ephansi kakhulu njengochungechunge lwe-MPS.
II. Izinkinga Zokuphathwa Kokushisa Ngokuphathelene Nokuqina Kwamanje Okukhulu Nokushisa Okuphezulu
Umbuzo Oyinhloko 2: Ngemva kokuba umshini usebenze isikhathi eside, ama-capacitor ayashisa kakhulu, kanti izinga lokushisa elizungezile nalo liphezulu. Ngikhathazekile ukuthi azophuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingabe akhona ama-capacitor angu-560μF anomsinga omkhulu we-ripple angamelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-105℃? Umthamo nawo ubalulekile.
Umbuzo 6:
Umbuzo: Uma iseva yethu ye-AI isebenza ngomthwalo ogcwele, izinga lokushisa elilinganisiwe lendawo ye-capacitor kusekethe yokunikezwa kwamandla ye-GPU lifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-90°C. Izibalo zibonisa isidingo samanje se-ripple esingaba ngu-8.5A, kodwa i-ripple current elinganisiwe yama-capacitor akhona ayanele kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Kufanele silichaze kanjani inani lamanje le-ripple kushidi ledatha lapho sikhetha ama-capacitor? Isibonelo, kwi-capacitor ebhalwe ukuthi “10.2A @ 45°C”, ingakanani i-current yayo yangempela engasetshenziswa ezoba nosuku lokushisa kwe-ambient elingu-85°C?
Impendulo: Ukwehliswa kwamanje kwe-Ripple kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ama-datasheet ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngama-current-ripple current deterating current. Uma sibheka uchungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS njengesibonelo, i-ripple current yayo engu-10.2A (@45°C) isagcina amandla ayo asebenzayo angu-≥8.2A ngemva kokwehliswa ekushiseni okumaphakathi okungu-85°C, ukwehla cishe ngo-20%, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwayo okuphansi kanye nomklamo omuhle kakhulu wokushisa. Ukukhetha lolu hlobo lwe-capacitor kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.
Umbuzo 7:
Umbuzo: Sinciphise ngempumelelo ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa le-capacitor ngokwandisa ubukhulu be-PCB copper foil kusuka ku-1oz kuya ku-2oz, kodwa umphumela awuzange ube njengoba bekulindelwe. Kuma-capacitor adinga ukumelana nemisinga ye-ripple engaphezu kwe-10A, ngaphandle kobukhulu bethusi, yiziphi ezinye izici zokuklama ze-PCB ezithinta kakhulu izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwawo kokugcina? Ingabe kukhona ukwakheka okunconywayo kanye neziqondiso zokuklama?
Impendulo: Ukwakheka kwe-PCB kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kokuqinisa i-foil yethusi, kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa izindlela zamanje ezimfushane nezibanzi nokunciphisa i-loop impedance. Kuma-capacitor wamanje anamandla aphezulu njengochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS, kunconywa ukubeka uhlu lwama-vias okushisa azungeze ama-capacitor pads (hhayi ngezansi ngqo) bese uwaxhuma endaweni yangaphakathi yomhlabathi ukuze kuqedwe ukushisa. Ukulandela lezi ziqondiso zokuklama, kuhlanganiswe ne-ESR ephansi ye-capacitor engu-3mΩ, ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvamile kungalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-15°C, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuthembeka.
Umbuzo 8:
Umbuzo: Ku-VRM yezigaba eziningi, ngisho noma kubekwa i-capacitor efanayo, izinga lokushisa le-capacitor esigabeni esiphakathi lisaphakeme ngama-5-8°C kunasezinhlangothini, okungase kube ngenxa yokugeleza komoya kanye nokungalingani kwesakhiwo. Kulesi simo, ingabe kukhona ukwakheka kwe-capacitor okuqondisiwe noma amasu okukhetha ukulinganisela ukucindezeleka kokushisa kwesigaba ngasinye? Impendulo: Lena inkinga evamile yokushabalaliswa kokushisa okungalingani. Isu elilodwa ukusebenzisa ama-capacitor anezilinganiso zamanje ze-ripple eziphakeme esigabeni esiphakathi noma ezindaweni ezishisayo, noma ukuxhuma ama-capacitor amabili ngokufanayo kulezo zindawo ukuze kusatshalaliswe umthwalo wokushisa. Isibonelo, imodeli ethile ye-high-Irip evela ochungechungeni lwe-YMIN MPS ingakhethwa ukuze kuqiniswe indawo ngaphandle kokushintsha umthamo we-capacitor iyonke, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa kwesistimu ngaphandle kokuklama ngokweqile.
Umbuzo 9:
Umbuzo: Ekuhlolweni kwethu kokuqina kokushisa okuphezulu, sithole ukuthi amandla okusebenza kwamanye ama-capacitor abonise ukuwohloka okulinganiselwe ngokushisa okwandayo kanye nokusebenza isikhathi eside (isb., ukuwohloka okungaphezu kuka-10% ku-105°C). Kuma-power supply e-AI server adinga ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside, izici zokuqina kokusebenza kanye nokuqina kwamandla okusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwama-capacitor kufanele kucatshangelwe kanjani? Yiluphi uhlobo lwe-capacitor olusebenza kangcono kulokhu?
Impendulo: Ukuzinza komthamo kuyinkomba eyinhloko yokuthembeka kokuphila isikhathi eside. Ama-capacitor e-polymer aqinile, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-multilayer ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, anenzuzo engokwemvelo kulokhu. Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwe-MPS lwe-ymin lusebenzisa i-electrolyte ekhethekile ye-polymer, okuhlukahluka kwayo komthamo kungalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-±10% kulo lonke uhla lokushisa (-55℃ kuya ku-105℃). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kwamahora angu-2000 okusebenza okuqhubekayo ku-105°C, ukubola komthamo ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-5%, okuphakeme kakhulu kune-capacitor evamile yoketshezi noma ye-solid-state.
Q10:
Umbuzo: Ukuze silawule ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa le-capacitor ezingeni lesistimu, sihlela ukwethula ukulingisa ukushisa. Yimaphi amapharamitha abalulekile (isb., ukumelana nokushisa kwe-Rth) okudingeka siwathole kumhlinzeki ukuze sakhe imodeli yokushisa ye-capacitor enembile? La mapharamitha avame ukulinganiswa kanjani, futhi ingabe anikezwa njengokujwayelekile kudathashethi?
Impendulo: Ukulingisa okunembile kokushisa kudinga ipharamitha yokumelana kokushisa kwe-junction-to-ambient (Rth-ja) ye-capacitor. Abakhiqizi be-capacitor abadumile bazohlinzeka ngale datha. Isibonelo, i-ymin inikeza amapharamitha okumelana nokushisa ngokusekelwe ezimweni zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ze-JESD51 zama-capacitor ayo ochungechunge lwe-MPS, futhi ingafaka ama-curve okubhekisela okuphakama kokushisa kwezakhiwo ezahlukene ze-PCB. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu onjiniyela ukubikezela nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokushisa kohlelo ezigabeni zokuqala zokuklama.
III. Izinkinga Zokuqinisekisa Ngokuphathelene Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside Nokuthembeka Okuphezulu
Umbuzo Oyinhloko 3: Imishini yethu yenzelwe ukuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5, kodwa ama-capacitor amanje kulinganiselwa ukuthi azokwehla ekusebenzeni kwawo kungakapheli iminyaka emi-3. Ingabe akhona ama-capacitor e-solid-state anempilo ende angaqinisekisa amahora angaphezu kuka-2000 ku-105°C?
Umbuzo 11:
Umbuzo: Iseva yethu ye-AI yenzelwe iminyaka emi-5 yokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Uma sicabanga ukuthi izinga lokushisa elizungezile legumbi leseva lingu-35°C, izinga lokushisa eliyinhloko le-capacitor kulindeleke ukuthi libe cishe ngu-85°C. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kokuphila “kwamahora angu-2000 @ 105°C” ovame ukutholakala ezicacisweni kufanele uguqulwe kanjani ube yisikhathi sokuphila esilindelekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zangempela? Ingabe kukhona amamodeli okusheshisa amukelwa emhlabeni wonke kanye namafomula okubala?
Impendulo: Imodeli ye-Arrhenius ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi sokuphila; ngokuncipha ngakunye kwezinga lokushisa elingu-10°C, isikhathi sokuphila cishe siphindwe kabili. Kodwa-ke, izibalo zangempela kumele futhi zicabangele ukucindezeleka kwamanje kwe-ripple. Abanye abathengisi banikeza amathuluzi okubala isikhathi sokuphila ku-inthanethi. Uma sibheka uchungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS njengesibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwayo kwamahora angu-2000 @105°C kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo ogcwele. Iguqulwe yaba ngu-85°C futhi uma sicabangela ukucindezeleka kokusebenza kwangempela ngemva kokuyeka, isikhathi sayo sokuphila esilinganiselwe sidlula kakhulu isidingo seminyaka emi-5, futhi kunikezwa izibalo ezinemininingwane.
Umbuzo 12:
Umbuzo: Ekuhlolweni kwethu kokuguga okushisa okuphezulu esizenzele kona, sithole ukuthi amanye ama-capacitor athole ukwanda kwe-ESR okungaphezu kuka-30% ngemva kwamahora angu-1500. Kuma-capacitor anempilo ende, iyiphi idatha ebalulekile yokuwohloka kokusebenza (njengokwanda kwe-ESR kanye noshintsho lwe-capacitance) okufanele ifakwe embikweni wokuhlolwa kokuphila? Yiluphi uhla lokuwohloka olungabhekwa njengolwamukelekayo?
Impendulo: Umbiko wokuhlolwa kokuphila oqinile kufanele uqophe ngokucacile izimo zokuhlolwa (izinga lokushisa, i-voltage, i-ripple current) kanye nokushintsha kwe-ESR kanye ne-capacitance okulinganiswe njalo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuthi ngemva kwamahora angu-2000 okuhlolwa komthwalo ogcwele okushisa okuphezulu, ukwanda kwe-ESR akufanele kudlule u-10%, futhi ukwehla kwamandla akufanele kudlule u-5%. Isibonelo, umbiko wokuhlolwa kokuphila osemthethweni wochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS usebenzisa le standard, unikeza idatha esobala futhi ubonise ukuzinza kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.
Q13:
Umbuzo: Amaseva adinga ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kokudlidliza kwemishini. Sihlangabezane nezinkinga ngokuqhekeka okuncane okuvela kumajoyinti e-capacitor pin solder ngenxa yokudlidliza. Lapho ukhetha ama-capacitor, yiziphi izakhiwo zemishini noma izitifiketi zokuhlola okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokudlidliza?
Impendulo: Gxila ekutheni i-capacitor iphumelele yini ekuhlolweni kokudlidliza ngokwezindinganiso ezifana ne-IEC 60068-2-6. Ngokwesakhiwo, ama-capacitor anezinsika ezigcwele i-resin kanye nemiklamo yephini eqinisiwe anikeza ukumelana kokudlidliza okuphezulu. Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwe-MPS lwe-ymin lusebenzisa lesi sakhiwo esiqinisiwe futhi ludlule ekuhlolweni kokudlidliza okuqinile, okuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokuxhumeka ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa nokusebenza kweseva.
Umbuzo 14:
Umbuzo: Sifuna ukwakha imodeli yokubikezela ukuthembeka kwe-capacitor enembile kakhudlwana, edinga idatha yokusatshalaliswa kwesilinganiso sokuhluleka (isb., amapharamitha womumo kanye nesilinganiso sokusatshalaliswa kwe-Weibull). Ingabe abakhiqizi be-capacitor bavame ukunikeza le datha yokuthembeka eningiliziwe kumakhasimende?
Impendulo: Yebo, abakhiqizi abahamba phambili banikeza idatha ejulile yokuthembeka. Isibonelo, i-Ymin inganikeza uchungechunge lwayo lwe-MPS imibiko ehlanganisa amanani esilinganiso sokuhluleka (i-FIT), amapharamitha okusabalalisa e-Weibull, kanye nezilinganiso zesikhathi sokuphila emazingeni ahlukene okuqiniseka. Le datha, esekelwe ekuhlolweni okubanzi kokuqina, isiza amakhasimende ukuthi enze ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka kwezinga lesistimu kanye nokubikezela okunembile kakhulu.
Umbuzo 15:
Umbuzo: Ukuze silawule amazinga okuhluleka kusenesikhathi, senezele isinyathelo sokuhlola ukuguga esikhokhiswa ukushisa okuphezulu ekuhlolweni kwethu kwezinto ezingenayo. Ingabe abakhiqizi be-capacitor benza ukuhlolwa kokuhluleka kusenesikhathi okungu-100% ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa? Yiziphi izimo zokuhlola ezivamile, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kangakanani ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kweqembu?
Impendulo: Abakhiqizi be-capacitor abanekhono eliphezulu benza ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa okungu-100%. Izimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile zingafaka phakathi ukusebenzisa i-voltage elinganisiwe kanye ne-ripple current emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa elilinganisiwe (isb., 125°C) isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-24. Le nqubo eqinile iqeda ngempumelelo imikhiqizo yokwehluleka kwasekuqaleni, inciphise izinga lokwehluleka kwemikhiqizo ephumayo libe amazinga aphansi kakhulu (isb., <10ppm). I-Ymin isebenzisa lokhu kuhlolwa okuqinile ochungechungeni lwayo lwe-MPS, ihlinzeka amakhasimende ngesiqinisekiso sekhwalithi "esingenasici".
IV. Ngokuphathelene Nokukhethwa Kwama-Capacitors Asebenza Kakhulu Ahlukile
Umbuzo Oyinhloko 4: Uchungechunge lwe-Panasonic GX esilusebenzisayo njengamanje lunesikhathi eside kakhulu sokuhola/izindleko eziphakeme, futhi sidinga ngokushesha enye indlela yasekhaya. Ingabe kukhona ama-capacitor angu-2.5V 560μF ane-ESR efanayo, ugesi we-ripple, kanye nesikhathi sokuphila? Okungcono kakhulu, ukushintshwa okuqondile.
Umbuzo 16:
Umbuzo: Ngenxa yemikhawulo yochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa, sidinga ukuthola i-capacitor esebenza kahle kakhulu ekhiqizwe ngaphakathi ukuze ithathe indawo ye-capacitor engu-560μF/2.5V ngqo kusuka kumkhiqizo waseJapan osetshenziswa njengamanje ekwakhiweni kwethu. Ngaphandle kwe-capacitance eyisisekelo, i-voltage, i-ESR, kanye nobukhulu, yiziphi izilinganiso zokusebenza ezijulile kanye nama-curve okufanele ziqhathaniswe ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa kokufakwa esikhundleni okuqondile?
Impendulo: Ukulinganisa okujulile kubalulekile. Okulandelayo kufanele kuqhathaniswe: 1) Ama-curve aphelele e-impedance-frequency (kusukela ku-100Hz kuya ku-10MHz) ukuqinisekisa izici ezihambisanayo ze-high-frequency; 2) Ama-curve ashintsha izinga lokushisa lamanje le-Ripple; 3) Idatha yokuhlola isikhathi sokuphila kanye nama-curve okubola. Enye indlela efanelekile, njengochungechunge lwe-YMIN MPS, izohlinzeka ngombiko wokuqhathanisa onemininingwane okhombisa ukuthi usesigabeni esifanayo noma esingcono kunomncintiswano wokuqala waseJapan kumapharamitha ayinhloko angenhla, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ukushintshwa kweqiniso "kwe-plug-and-play".
Umbuzo 17:
Umbuzo: Ngemva kokushintsha ama-capacitor ngempumelelo, ukusebenza kohlelo kuhlangabezane kakhulu nezimfuneko, kodwa ukwanda okuncane komsindo we-ripple kwabonwa ekunikezelweni kwamandla okushintsha kumaza athile (isb., 1.2MHz). Yini engabangela lokhu? Ngaphandle kokushintsha i-topology eyinhloko, yiziphi izindlela zokulungisa kahle ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza lokhu kube ngcono?
Impendulo: Lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yokwehluka okuncane kwezici ze-impedance phakathi kwama-capacitor amadala namasha kuma-frequency aphezulu kakhulu. Amasu okwenza ngcono afaka: ukuxhuma i-capacitor ye-ceramic enenani elincane, ephansi ye-ESL ngokuhambisana ne-capacitor enkulu ekhona ukuze kulungiselelwe ukuhlunga kuleyo frequency; noma ukulungisa kahle i-switching frequency. Abahlinzeki be-capacitor abadumile (njenge-ymin) bazohlinzeka ngosekelo lohlelo lokusebenza lwemikhiqizo yabo (isb., uchungechunge lwe-MPS), kufaka phakathi iziphakamiso ezithile zokwenza ngcono isihlungi sokukhipha.
Umbuzo 18:
Umbuzo: Imikhiqizo yethu ithengiswa emhlabeni jikelele futhi inemithetho eqinile yezemvelo (njenge-RoHS 2.0, REACH). Lapho kuhlolwa abahlinzeki be-capacitor abasha, yimiphi imibhalo ethile yokuthobela imithetho okufanele icelwe?
Impendulo: Abahlinzeki kufanele badingeke ukuthi banikeze umbiko wakamuva wokuhlolwa kokuhambisana ne-RoHS/REACH okhishwe yinhlangano yangaphandle enegunya (njenge-SGS), kanye nefomu eliphelele lokumemezela izinto. Lawa madokhumenti kumele abhale ngokucacile imiphumela yokuhlolwa yazo zonke izinto ezivinjelwe. Abahlinzeki abasunguliwe, njenge-Ymin, banganikeza isethi ephelele yamadokhumenti okuhambisana nemvelo ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke zemigqa yomkhiqizo njengochungechunge lwe-MPS, okuqinisekisa ukungena okubushelelezi kwemikhiqizo yamakhasimende emakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Q19:
Umbuzo: Ukuze sinciphise izingozi zochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, sihlela ukwethula umhlinzeki wesibili. Ingabe imikhiqizo ye-capacitor yomhlinzeki omusha inezifundo ezivuthiwe zokusetshenziswa okukhulu kumaseva e-AI ajwayelekile noma imishini yesikhungo sedatha? Ingabe banganikeza imibiko yokuqinisekisa noma idatha yokusebenza evela kumakhasimende okugcina njengereferensi?
Impendulo: Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile ekunciphiseni ingozi yokwethulwa. Umhlinzeki othembekile kufanele akwazi ukunikeza izifundo zesimo sokusetshenziswa okukhulu kumakhasimende aziwayo noma kumaphrojekthi okulinganisa. Isibonelo, i-Ymin inganikeza imibiko yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zokuvunyelwa kwamakhasimende ezibonisa ukuqinisekiswa kokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside (njengamahora angu-2000 omthwalo ogcwele wokushisa okuphezulu, ukujikeleza kokushisa, njll.) kwama-capacitor ayo ochungechunge lwe-MPS kumaphrojekthi eseva ye-AI yabakhiqizi abaningi beseva abaphambili, okusebenza njengokusekelwa okuqinile kokusebenza komkhiqizo wayo nokuthembeka.
Q20:
Umbuzo: Uma sibheka isikhathi sephrojekthi kanye nezindleko zempahla, sidinga ukuhlola ukuqinisekiswa kwamandla kanye nokuzinza kokulethwa kwabahlinzeki be-capacitor abasha. Yiluphi ulwazi olubalulekile okufanele siluqoqe kubahlinzeki ngesikhathi sokuxhumana kokuqala ukuze sihlole amakhono abo ochungechunge lokuhlinzeka?
Impendulo: Kufanele sigxile ekuqondeni: 1) Umthamo wanyanga zonke/wonyaka wochungechunge lomkhiqizo oluhambisanayo; 2) Umjikelezo wamanje wokulethwa ojwayelekile; 3) Ukuthi bayasekela yini izibikezelo eziqhubekayo kanye nezivumelwano zokuphakelwa kwesikhathi eside; 4) Izinqubomgomo zesampula kanye nobuningi be-oda elincane. Isibonelo, i-ymin ngokuvamile inomthamo owanele, izikhathi zokulethwa ezibikezelwayo (isb., amasonto angu-8-10) zemikhiqizo yamasu afana nochungechunge lwe-MPS, futhi inganikeza ukwesekwa kwesampula okuguquguqukayo kanye nemigomo yezentengiselwano ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yamakhasimende kanye nokukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-03-2026