Izikhala zamandla ezishintshashintshayo zezinga le-Millisecond kuma-BBU e-AI server rack: Kungani i-“hybrid supercapacitor (LIC) + BBU” ifaneleka kangcono?

Ama-racks eseva ye-AI ahlangabezana nokunyuka kwamandla ezingeni le-millisecond (ngokuvamile okungu-1–50 ms) kanye nokwehla kwamandla ebhasi le-DC ngesikhathi sokushintsha okusheshayo phakathi kwemithwalo yokuqeqesha kanye nemithwalo yokuphetha. I-NVIDIA, ekwakhiweni kwayo kwe-rack yamandla ye-GB300 NVL72, ikhuluma ngokuthi i-rack yayo yamandla ihlanganisa izingxenye zokugcina amandla futhi isebenza nesilawuli ukuze kufezwe ukushelela kwamandla okusheshayo kwe-rack-level (bheka ireferensi [1]).

Ekusebenzeni kobunjiniyela, ukusebenzisa i-“hybrid supercapacitor (LIC) + BBU (Battery Backup Unit)” ukwakha ungqimba lwe-buffer oluseduze kungahlukanisa “impendulo yesikhashana” kanye “namandla okusekela okwesikhashana”: i-LIC inesibopho sokubuyisela ezingeni le-millisecond, kanti i-BBU inesibopho sokuthatha ezingeni lesibili kuya kwelemizuzu. Lesi sihloko sinikeza indlela yokukhetha ephindaphindwayo yonjiniyela, uhlu lwezinkomba ezibalulekile, kanye nezinto zokuqinisekisa. Uma sithatha i-YMIN SLF 4.0V 4500F (iyunithi eyodwa ESR≤0.8mΩ, ugesi oqhubekayo wokukhipha i-200A, amapharamitha kufanele abhekisele eshidini lokucacisa [3]) njengesibonelo, inikeza iziphakamiso zokucushwa kanye nokusekelwa kwedatha yokuqhathanisa.

Izinsiza zikagesi ze-BBU ezibekwe erekhini zihambisa "ukushelela kwamandla okudlulisa" eduze komthwalo.

Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwamandla erekhi eyodwa kufinyelela ezingeni lama-kilowatts angamakhulu, umthwalo we-AI ungabangela ukwanda kwamanje ngesikhathi esifushane. Uma ukwehla kwamandla ebhasi kudlula umkhawulo wesistimu, kungabangela ukuvikelwa kwebhodi lomama, amaphutha e-GPU, noma ukuqala kabusha. Ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela ephezulu ekuhlinzekweni kwamandla aphezulu kanye negridi, ezinye izakhiwo zethula amasu okulawula amandla ngaphakathi kwerekhi yamandla erekhi, okuvumela ukuthi ama-spikes kagesi "amuncwe futhi akhishwe endaweni" ngaphakathi kwerekhi. Umyalezo oyinhloko walo mklamo uthi: izinkinga zesikhashana kufanele zixazululwe kuqala endaweni eseduze nomthwalo.

Kumaseva ahlonyiswe ngama-GPU anamandla aphezulu kakhulu (izinga le-kilowatt) njenge-NVIDIA GB200/GB300, inselelo eyinhloko ebhekene nezinhlelo zamandla isishintshe kusukela emandleni okusekelayo endabuko yaya ekusingatheni ukukhuphuka kwamandla okudlulisa amandla esikhashana kumazinga e-millisecond kanye namakhulu e-kilowatt. Izixazululo zamandla okusekelayo zendabuko ze-BBU, ezigxile kumabhethri e-lead-acid, zihlushwa yizithiyo ngesivinini sokuphendula kanye nobuningi bamandla ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokusabela kwamakhemikhali okukhona, ukumelana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi, kanye namakhono okwamukela amashaja anamandla alinganiselwe. Lezi zithiyo ziye zaba yizici ezibalulekile ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla ekhompyutha e-single-rack kanye nokuthembeka kwesistimu.

Ithebula 1: Umdwebo weskimu wendawo yemodi yokugcina amandla e-hybrid enamazinga amathathu ku-rack BBU (umdwebo wethebula)

Ukuvela Kwezakhiwo

Kusukela ku-“Battery Backup” kuya ku-“Three-Tier Hybrid Energy Storage Mode”

Ama-BBU endabuko athembele kakhulu kumabhethri ukuze agcine amandla. Ebhekene nokuntuleka kwamandla ezingeni le-millisecond, amabhethri, anqunyelwe yi-kinetics yokusabela kwamakhemikhali kanye nokumelana kwangaphakathi okufanayo, avame ukusabela kancane ngokushesha kunesitoreji samandla esisekelwe ku-capacitor. Ngakho-ke, izixazululo eziseceleni kwe-rack seziqalile ukusebenzisa isu elihlanganisiwe: “LIC (yesikhashana) + BBU (yesikhathi esifushane) + UPS/HVDC (yesikhathi eside)”:

I-LIC exhunywe ngokulingana eduze kwe-DC Bus: iphatha isinxephezelo samandla esisezingeni le-millisecond kanye nokusekelwa kwe-voltage (ukushaja nokukhipha izinga eliphezulu).

I-BBU (ibhethri noma enye indawo yokugcina amandla): iphatha ukuthathwa kwesigaba sesibili kuya kwesemizuzu (uhlelo oluklanyelwe isikhathi sokulondoloza).

I-UPS/HVDC yezinga lesikhungo sedatha: iphatha ukunikezwa kwamandla okungenakuphazamiseka kwesikhathi eside kanye nokulawulwa kwegridi ohlangothini.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezisebenzi kuhlukanisa “iziguquguquko ezisheshayo” kanye “neziguquguquko ezihamba kancane”: ukuzinzisa ibhasi ngenkathi kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside kanye nengcindezi yokulungisa kumayunithi okugcina amandla.

Ukuhlaziywa Okujulile: Kungani i-YMINAma-Supercapacitor e-Hybrid?

I-hybrid supercapacitor ye-ymin i-LIC (i-Lithium-ion Capacitor) ihlanganisa ngokwesakhiwo izici zamandla aphezulu zama-capacitors kanye nobuningi bamandla aphezulu bohlelo lwe-electrochemical. Ezimweni zesinxephezelo sesikhashana, isihluthulelo sokubekezelela umthwalo yilokhu: ukukhipha amandla adingekayo ngaphakathi kwe-target Δt, kanye nokuletha umfutho we-pulse omkhulu ngokwanele ngaphakathi kwebanga lokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa elivumelekile kanye nokwehla kwe-voltage.

Ukukhishwa Kwamandla Okuphezulu: Uma umthwalo we-GPU ushintsha ngokuzumayo noma igridi yamandla ishintshashintsha, amabhethri endabuko e-lead-acid, ngenxa yesilinganiso sawo sokuphendula kwamakhemikhali esihamba kancane kanye nokumelana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi, abhekana nokuwohloka okusheshayo kwamandla awo okwamukela ukushaja okuguquguqukayo, okuholela ekungakwazi ukuphendula ngama-millisecond. I-hybrid supercapacitor ingaqedela isinxephezelo esisheshayo ngaphakathi kwe-1-50ms, kulandelwe amandla okusekelayo asezingeni lomzuzu avela kugesi osekelayo we-BBU, ukuqinisekisa i-voltage yebhasi ezinzile futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphahlazeka kwebhodi lomama kanye ne-GPU.

Ukuthuthukiswa Komthamo Nesisindo: Uma kuqhathaniswa “amandla atholakalayo alinganayo (anqunywa yifasitela le-voltage le-V_hi→V_lo) + ifasitela le-transient elilinganayo (Δt),” isisombululo sesendlalelo se-LIC buffer ngokuvamile sinciphisa umthamo nesisindo kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokusekela ibhethri lendabuko (ukunciphisa umthamo cishe ngo-50%–70%, ukunciphisa isisindo cishe ngo-50%–60%, amanani ajwayelekile awatholakali emphakathini futhi adinga ukuqinisekiswa kwephrojekthi), okukhulula isikhala se-rack kanye nezinsiza zomoya. (Iphesenti elithile lincike ezinhlokweni, izingxenye zesakhiwo, kanye nezixazululo zokusabalalisa ukushisa kwento yokuqhathanisa; ukuqinisekiswa kwephrojekthi ethile kuyanconywa.)

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesivinini Sokushaja: I-LIC inamandla okushaja aphezulu kanye nokukhipha, futhi isivinini sayo sokushaja ngokuvamile siphakeme kunesezixazululo zebhethri (ukuthuthukiswa kwesivinini okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-5, kufinyelela cishe imizuzu eyishumi yokushaja okusheshayo; umthombo: i-hybrid supercapacitor uma kuqhathaniswa namanani ebhethri le-lead-acid ajwayelekile). Isikhathi sokushaja sinqunywa yi-margin yamandla esistimu, isu lokushaja, kanye nomklamo wokushisa. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa "isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ushaje ku-V_hi" njengesilinganiso sokwamukelwa, kuhlanganiswe nokuhlolwa kokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwe-pulse okuphindaphindiwe.

Impilo yomjikelezo omude: I-LIC ivame ukubonisa impilo yomjikelezo omude kanye nezidingo zokugcinwa eziphansi ngaphansi kwezimo zokushaja ezivame kakhulu kanye nokukhishwa (imijikelezo eyisigidi esingu-1, iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 yokuphila, cishe izikhathi ezingu-200 kunezamabhethri endabuko e-lead-acid; umthombo: Ama-Hybrid supercapacitors uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid). Impilo yomjikelezo kanye nemikhawulo yokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuncike ezicini ezithile kanye nezimo zokuhlola. Kusukela embonweni womjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele, lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kanye nokwehluleka.

Umfanekiso 2: Uhlelo Lokugcina Amandla Oluhlanganisiwe:

Ibhethri le-Lithium-ion (izinga lomzuzu wesibili) + I-Lithium-ion Capacitor LIC (i-buffer yezinga le-millisecond)

Ngokusekelwe ku-Japanese Musashi CCP3300SC (3.8V 3000F) yomklamo wereferensi we-NVIDIA GB300, inesisindo esiphezulu samandla, i-voltage ephezulu, kanye nomthamo ophezulu ezinchazweni zayo ezitholakala emphakathini: i-voltage yokusebenza engu-4.0V kanye nomthamo ongu-4500F, okuholela ekugcineni amandla kweseli elilodwa okuphezulu kanye namakhono okugcina amandla aqinile ngaphakathi kosayizi ofanayo wemojuli, okuqinisekisa impendulo engaguquki ezingeni le-millisecond.

Amapharamitha abalulekile we-YMIN SLF series hybrid supercapacitors:

I-Voltage Elinganisiwe: 4.0V; Amandla Okuzisholo: 4500F

Ukumelana Kwangaphakathi kwe-DC/ESR: ≤0.8mΩ

Ukukhishwa Kwamanje Okuqhubekayo: 200A

Ibanga Le-Voltage Yokusebenza: 4.0–2.5V

Isebenzisa isixazululo se-BBU sendawo se-hybrid supercapacitor esisekelwe ku-YMIN, singanikeza isinxephezelo samandla aphezulu ebhasini le-DC ngaphakathi kwefasitela le-millisecond, sithuthukise ukuzinza kwe-voltage yebhasi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izixazululo ezinamandla afanayo atholakalayo kanye nefasitela lesikhashana, ungqimba lwe-buffer luvame ukunciphisa ukuhlala kwesikhala futhi lukhulule izinsiza ze-rack. Lufaneleka kakhulu futhi ekushajeni nasekukhipheni i-frequency ephezulu kanye nezidingo zokubuyisa ngokushesha, kunciphisa ingcindezi yokulungisa. Ukusebenza okukhethekile kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokusekelwe ezicacisweni zephrojekthi.

Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha: Ukufanisa Okunembile Nesimo

Njengoba sibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu zamandla okusebenzisa i-AI, ukusungula izinto ezintsha ezinhlelweni zokuphakelwa kukagesi kubalulekile.I-YMIN's SLF 4.0V 4500F hybrid supercapacitor, ngobuchwepheshe bayo obuqinile obuphathelene nayo, ihlinzeka ngesisombululo se-BBU buffer layer esisebenza kahle kakhulu nesithembeke kakhulu esikhiqizwe ngaphakathi, esinikeza ukwesekwa okuyisisekelo kokuvela okuqhubekayo okuzinzile, okusebenzayo, nokunamandla kwezikhungo zedatha ze-AI.

Uma udinga ulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe, singakunikeza: amashidi edatha, idatha yokuhlola, amathebula okukhetha uhlelo lokusebenza, amasampula, njll. Sicela unikeze ulwazi olubalulekile olufana nalokhu: i-voltage yebhasi, i-ΔP/Δt, ubukhulu besikhala, izinga lokushisa elizungezile, kanye nemininingwane yokuphila ukuze sikwazi ukunikeza izincomo zokucushwa ngokushesha.

Isigaba Semibuzo Nezimpendulo

Q: Umthwalo we-GPU weseva ye-AI ungakhuphuka ngo-150% ngaphakathi kwama-millisecond, futhi amabhethri endabuko e-lead-acid awakwazi ukuqhubeka. Siyini isikhathi sokuphendula esiqondile sama-supercapacitor e-lithium-ion e-YMIN, futhi ufinyelela kanjani lokhu kusekelwa okusheshayo?

A: Ama-supercapacitor e-YMIN hybrid (SLF 4.0V 4500F) athembele ezimisweni zokugcina amandla angokwenyama futhi anokumelana kwangaphakathi okuphansi kakhulu (≤0.8mΩ), okuvumela ukukhishwa okusheshayo kwesilinganiso esiphezulu ebangeni lama-millisecond angu-1-50. Uma ushintsho oluzumayo kumthwalo we-GPU lubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwe-voltage yebhasi le-DC, ingakhipha ugesi omkhulu ngaphandle kokulibaziseka, ikhokhele ngqo amandla ebhasi, ngaleyo ndlela ithenge isikhathi sokuthi ugesi we-backend BBU uvuke futhi uthathe izintambo, iqinisekise ukuguquka kwe-voltage okubushelelezi futhi igweme amaphutha ekhompyutha noma ukuphahlazeka kwehadiwe okubangelwa ukwehla kwe-voltage.

Isifinyezo ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko

Izimo Ezisebenzayo: Kufanelekela ama-BBU e-rack-level server e-AI (Amayunithi Amandla Okusekelayo) ezimweni lapho ibhasi le-DC libhekene nokunyuka kwamandla/ukwehla kwamandla okushintshashintshayo kwezinga le-millisecond; kusebenza kusakhiwo se-buffer sendawo se-"hybrid supercapacitor + BBU" sokuzinzisa amandla okushintshashintshayo ngaphansi kokuphazamiseka kwamandla okushintshashintshayo kwesikhashana, ukushintshashintsha kwegridi, kanye nokushintsha komthwalo we-GPU okungazelelwe.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko: Impendulo esheshayo yezinga le-Millisecond (ekhokhela amafasitela ashintshayo angu-1-50ms); ukumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi/umthamo wamandla aphezulu, ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-voltage yebhasi nokunciphisa ingozi yokuqalisa kabusha okungalindelekile; isekela ukushaja nokukhipha okusheshayo kanye nokushaja okusheshayo, inciphisa isikhathi sokubuyisa amandla okusekelayo; ifaneleka kakhulu ezimweni zokushaja nokukhipha imvamisa ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo zebhethri zendabuko, okusiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi yokulungisa kanye nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila.

Imodeli Enconywayo: I-YMIN Square Hybrid Supercapacitor SLF 4.0V 4500F

Idatha (Imininingwane/Imibiko Yokuhlola/Amasampula) Ukutholwa:

Iwebhusayithi Esemthethweni: www.ymin.com
Ucingo Lobuchwepheshe: 021-33617848

Izinkomba (Imithombo Yomphakathi)

[1] Ibhulogi Yolwazi Lomphakathi/Yobuchwepheshe Esemthethweni ye-NVIDIA: Isingeniso ku-GB300 NVL72 (Ishelufu Lamandla) Isitoreji Esisheshayo/Samandla

[2] Imibiko Yomphakathi Evela Kwabezindaba/Izikhungo ezifana neTrendForce: Izicelo ze-LIC ezihlobene ze-GB200/GB300 kanye nolwazi lwe-Supply Chain

[3] I-Shanghai YMIN Electronics inikeza “Izincazelo ze-SLF 4.0V 4500F Hybrid Supercapacitor”