Uma kukhulunywa ngokukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwe-capacitor yohlelo lokusebenza lwe-elekthronikhi, izinketho zivame ukuba yinto exakile. Olunye uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-capacitor asetshenziswa kumasekethe kagesi yi-electrolytic capacitor. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic kanye nama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zama-capacitor kubalulekile ekukhetheni i-capacitor efanele yohlelo lokusebenza oluthile.
Ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolyticyizinhlobo zama-capacitor e-electrolytic ezivamile nezisetshenziswa kabanzi. Ayaziwa ngenani lawo eliphezulu le-capacitance kanye nekhono lokuphatha amazinga aphezulu e-voltage. Lawa ma-capacitor enziwa kusetshenziswa iphepha elifakwe i-electrolyte njenge-dielectric kanye ne-aluminium foil njengama-electrode. I-electrolyte ngokuvamile iyisithako esiwuketshezi noma ijeli, futhi ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-electrolyte ne-aluminium foil okuvumela lawa ma-capacitor ukuthi agcine futhi akhulule amandla kagesi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic aluhlobo olusha noluthuthuke kakhulu lwe-capacitor ye-electrolytic. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-electrolyte ewuketshezi noma yejeli, ama-capacitor e-polymer asebenzisa i-polymer eqhubayo eqinile njenge-electrolyte, okuholela ekuzinzeni okungcono kanye nokumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-solid-state kuma-capacitor e-polymer kungandisa ukuthembeka, kwandise impilo yesevisi, futhi kuhlinzeke ukusebenza okungcono ekusetshenzisweni kwemvamisa ephezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu.
Omunye wemehluko omkhulu phakathiama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolyticfuthi ama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic ayindlela yawo yokusebenza. Ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic ngokuvamile aphila isikhathi esifushane kune-polymer capacitors futhi asengozini enkulu yokwehluleka ngenxa yezici ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezeleka kwe-voltage, kanye nomsinga we-ripple. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-capacitor e-polymer aphila isikhathi eside futhi aklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima, okwenza afaneleke ukusetshenziswa ezicelweni ezidinga amandla.
Omunye umehluko obalulekile yi-ESR (ukumelana okulingana nochungechunge) kwama-capacitor amabili. Ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic ane-ESR ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-capacitor e-polymer. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-capacitor e-polymer anokumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungcono maqondana nokuphathwa kwamanje kwe-ripple, ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla.
Ngokuphathelene nosayizi nesisindo, ama-capacitor e-polymer ngokuvamile mancane futhi alula kune-aluminium capacitors ane-capacitance efanayo kanye ne-voltage rating. Lokhu kuwenza afaneleke kakhulu kumadivayisi kagesi amancane nalula, lapho isikhala nesisindo kuyizinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe.
Ngamafuphi, ngenkathi ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic abelokhu ekhethwa iminyaka eminingi ngenxa yamanani awo aphezulu omthamo kanye nezilinganiso zama-voltage, ama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic anikeza izinzuzo eziningana ngokuya ngobude besikhathi, ukusebenza, kanye nosayizi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zama-capacitor kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zesicelo, njengezimo zokusebenza, imikhawulo yesikhala, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.
Sekukonke, ama-capacitor e-aluminium electrolytic kanye nama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic anezinzuzo nezinkinga zawo. Ukuze ukhethe uhlobo lwe-capacitor olufanele kakhulu lohlelo lokusebenza, kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokucophelela izidingo ezithile kanye nezimo zokusebenza zesekethe ye-elekthronikhi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, ama-capacitor e-polymer electrolytic aya ngokuya ethandwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuthembeka, okwenza abe yindlela engcono kune-capacitor ye-aluminium electrolytic yendabuko ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-elekthronikhi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-02-2024